Carburetor



' UNITED STATES PATE T OFFIC EDWARD 1). saw, OF soUTH ORA NEW JERSEY- CARBU RETO R.

SPECIFICATION forming part Of Letters Patent No. 443,584, dated December 30, 1890.

' Application filed November 27, 1889, Serial No, 331,770. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, EDWARD D. SELF, of South Orange, in the county of Essex and State of New Jersey, have invented a certain therein.

sage. spiral passages of the two compartments com new and useful Improvement in Carburetors, of which the following is a specification.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure l is a side view of an apparatus embodying my improvement. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section of a part of aresistance device comprised Fig. 3 is a sectional plan view of a carburetor.

' Similar letters of reference designate corresponding parts in all the figures.

v A designates a carburetor. It may be of any desired construction. In the present instance it is of cylindric form and has two compartments a, a arranged one above the other and separated by a partition a; In each compartment is a spiral partition extending between the top and bottom and forming a spiral pas- At the center of the carburetor the tral terminationof the spiral passage of the upper compartment a and nearly to the top of this compartment. The spiral passages of both compartments are to be supplied with a hydrocarbon and any suitable absorbent material.

B designates an air-pipe extending to the upper compartment a of the carburetor opposite the outer extremity of the spiral passage in thelatter. From this pipe 13 air passesinto and through the spiral passage of the upper compartment, finally reaching the central termination of this passage, and passing thence through the pipe a into the central extremity of the spiral passage of the lower compartment and through the latter to the outer extremity. By its passage through the material contained in the central passages of the carburetor the air will be carbureted. It will escape from the carburetor through a pipe 0, leading from the outer extremity of the spiral passage in the lower compartment, which may, for convenience, be called a carbureted-vapor pipe. As shown, this pipe 0 extends from the lower compartment upwardlythrough the upper compartment. It leads to a chamber D, which is termed a mixing-cham-v ber.

Air will be caused to flow through the pipe B by any suitable n1eansas,for instance, by a pump or blower E of the kind usually termed a meter-wheel pump, operated by a weight e, attached to a cord 6, passing over a guidepulley and wound upon awindlass comprised in the pump or blower. The flow of air produced by'the pump or blower may be regulated by a cook 6 r F designates a pipe constituting what may be termed aby-pass. The pipe F leadsfrom the pump or blower E or from the air-pipe B to a resistance device hereinafter explained.

The pipe or section F of the by-pass leads to a resistance-chamber H. This is shown as of cyli-ndric form and closed at the ends by caps H H retained in place by screw threads. The cap H has formed in it the miXing-chamberl), to which I have previously referred as being in communication with the carbureting-vapor pipe 0. A diaphragm v h extends across the resistance-chamber Hnear engaged with a tapped hole in the cap H A stuffing-box h is combined with the cap H where the stem 7L3 passes through the latter. In this way leakage through the cap is avoided. Combined with the valve-stem 7L3 and the stu ffing-box h is a jam-nut lbs. This serves to secure the same in position. The valve-stem has affixed to it a hand-piece h, whereby it may be turned. By rotating the stem 71. the valve may be made to close the diaphragm 71, or to uncover more or less its opening 71..

That end of the resistance-chamber H which is closed by the cap H is in communication with the mixing-chamber, the communication being established by means of a nozzle 7L7, that extends through that part of the cap H which is adjacent to the resistance-chamber. The pipe or section F of the by-pass communicates with the resistance-chamber H between the diaphragm h and the cap H Hence the valve h serves to control the passage of the diluting stream of air to the mi xing-chamber.

The rcsistancechamber between the cap II, which in effect constitutes a diaphragm, and the diaphragm 71. has arranged within it pieces of sponge 7L8, asbestus, cottonwaste, cloth cut to form diaphragms, or other analogous substances through which air can pass and which is capable of compression. A spi 'al spring h" is arranged within the mass of sponge or analogous material and axially within the resistanee-chamber.

k is a follower consisting of a perforated plate. This extends across the resistancechalnbcr. by moving it toward the cap It the sponge or analogous material may be compressed so as to oifer greater resistance to the passage of air through the chamber. If the follower is moved in the reverse direction, the pressure upon the sponge or analogous material will be relaxed and the spiral spring will expand and loosen such material, so as to afford the air greater facility for passing through the material. The follower It has a stem h. The stem 7L3 of the valve 7&2 is hollow and the stem 7t of the follower passes through it. The hand-piece 7t of the valve-stem It" has combined with it a stuffing-box 7t, and the stem h of the follower passes through this stufling-box. The stuffing-box prevents leakage. The stem h of the follower is screw-threaded and engages with the hollow valve-stem h or with the stuiting-box 7i, so that by rotating the stem of the follower by means of a hand-wheel h, with which it is provided, the follower may be adj nsted along the resistanee-chamber.

It will be seen that the resistance chambcr affords a control over thepassage of the diluting stream of air not only by reason of the fact that it comprises an adjustable valve, but also owing to the fact that it contains a resistance material whose density may be varied at will.

It will be seen that the earbureting vaporpipe 0 extends into the side of the mixingchamber D and that the nozzle 7LT extends axially through this chamber. The diluting stream of air therefore induces a How of gas with an injector-like action. This is advantageous, for if the diluting stream of air should have any greater tendency to flow at any time than the gas it would impart some of this tendency to the gas.

I designates a service-pipe. This receives the gas diluted with the air and conveys it to the building where it is to be used. It will be seen that the pipe leads from the end of the mixing-chamber D.

I desire to be protected in the use of my improvement forthe enriching of gas. hen the apparatus is used for this purpose the gas will flow in the same way as I have hereinabove described the air flowing. I make reference to air simply for convenience, intending to cover equally the treat mentof illuiniiiatinggas, and as air is a gas I shall use the term gas to include both.

It will be understood that the resistance of the carburetor varies in proportion to the amount of air passing through, because the area of all its parts remains fixed and of course will offer a larger resistance to the passage of a great volume of air than to the passage of a small volume of air. The re sistance device, consisting of the chamber II. and its appurtenances, is intended to compensate for variations of this kind in the carburetor and to afford a means whereby the resistance of the by-pass may be from timeto time adjusted. The amount of the hydrocarbon with the carburetor diminishes, and, owing to the variation in its amount, there will be a variability in the resistance of the carburetor. It will be seen that the by-pass leads directly into the chamber II and that the resistance material is between the bypass and the mixing-chamber. The resistance will therefore vary in accordance with the air passing through it.

\Vhat I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. The combination, with a carburetor, a pump or blower, a pipe connecting the carburetor with the pump or blower, and a mixing-chamber having connection with the carburetor, of a by-pass leading from the pump or blower, and a resistance device connected with an intermediate of the bypass and mixing-chamber, consisting of a chamber having a porous material therein through the interstices of which air passes to the mixing-chamher, and means for compressing the said porous material, substantially as specified.

The combination, with a carburetor, a pump or blower, a pipe connecting the carburetor with the pump or blower, and a mixing'chamber having connection with the carburetor, of a resistance device connecting with the mixing-chamber and pump or blower, the said resistance device consisting of a chamber having a porous material therein through which air passes to the mixing chamber,

means, substantially such as described, for

compressing the porous material, and means, substantially such as described, for loosening the porous material when the compression is relaxed, substantially as specified.

3. The combination, with a carburetor and an air-suppl y device having connections substantially such as described, of a resistance device consisting of a porous material within a chamber, a perforated follower forcompressing said porous material, and a spiral spring arranged within the porous material to expand it when the follower is moved to relax the pressure, substantially as specified.

4. In a resistance for a gas and air mixer, the combination of a resistance material within a resistauce-chamber, a perforated movable diaphragm for compressing said material, means, substantially such as described, for moving the diaphragm, and an adj ustablc valve for controlling a passage of air to the re sistance material, substantially as specified.

5. In a resistance device for a gas and air mixer, the combination of aresistnnce-chainseat and having a stem passing through a her having a cap at; each end and a, porous head of the resistance-chamber, resistance material within the chamber, a peras specified forated follower within the chamber, having a stem extended through a cap of the cham- Witnesses:

her, a diaphragm within the chamber, having EDWIN H. BROWN, I a valve-seat, and avalve for engagingin said S. O. EDMONDS.

substantially EDWARD D. SELF.

It is hereby certified that in Letters Patent No. 443,584, granted December 30, 1890, upon the application of Edward D. Self, of South Orange, New Jersey, for an improvement in Carburetors, an error appears in the printed specification requiring correc tion, as follows: In line 97 page 2, the word an should. read and; and. that the said Letters patent should be read with this correction therein that the same may conform to the record of the case in the Patent Office.

Signed, conntersigned, and sealed this 6th day of January, A. D. 1891.

CYRUS BUSSEY, Assistant Secretary of the Interior,

[SEAL] Oountersigned G. E. MITCHELL,

Commissioner of Patents. 

